Quick answer
Turn off the water supply, dry the area, and inspect the connection for loose fittings or worn washers. Tighten with a wrench if possible, or replace the washer or coupling to stop the leak.
Confirm the symptom
- Water pooling under the sink near a pipe joint
- Dripping from a visible pipe connection
- Dampness or corrosion around a coupling or fitting
- Leak appears after tightening the faucet or aerator
Tools and prep
- Adjustable wrench or pipe wrench
- Plumber's tape (Teflon tape)
- Replacement washers or coupling (if needed)
- Bucket or towel to catch water
- Turn off water supply before starting
- Protective gloves and safety glasses
Step-by-step troubleshooting
- Shut off water supplyDo: Locate and turn off the shut-off valves under the sink. If none exist, turn off the main water supply.Observe: Water stops flowing from the faucet.Means: Water is safely off for repairs.Next: Dry the area and inspect the leak.
- Dry and inspect the areaDo: Use a towel or let the area air dry to clearly see the leak location.Observe: Identify the exact connection point (e.g., P-trap, supply line, or faucet connection).Means: You can target the correct part for repair.Next: Check for loose fittings.
- Check for loose fittingsDo: Use an adjustable wrench to gently tighten the connection. Avoid over-tightening.Observe: Leak reduces or stops.Means: The connection was loose and needed tightening.Next: If the leak persists, inspect the washer or coupling.
- Inspect washer or couplingDo: Look for worn, cracked, or missing washers or damaged couplings. Remove the connection if necessary to examine parts.Observe: Damaged or missing sealing components.Means: The washer or coupling is compromised and needs replacement.Next: Replace the faulty part.
- Replace faulty partDo: Install a new washer or coupling, applying plumber's tape to threads if needed. Reassemble the connection.Observe: Leak stops and connection is secure.Means: The repair is successful.Next: Test the connection by turning water back on slowly.
- Test the repairDo: Turn the water supply back on and check for leaks at the connection.Observe: No water leaks from the repaired connection.Means: The repair is complete and effective.Next: Monitor for recurring issues.
- Monitor for recurring issuesDo: Check the connection periodically over the next few days for any signs of new leaks.Observe: No new leaks or dampness.Means: The repair is stable and long-term.Next: Finalize the repair.
Common causes
| Cause | Likelihood | Difficulty | Part often needed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Loose or damaged coupling Vibration or age can loosen or crack the coupling, allowing water to escape. | Common | Easy | Coupling |
| Worn or missing washer Washers degrade over time or can be lost during previous repairs, losing their sealing ability. | Common | Easy | Washer |
| Corroded or damaged threads Mineral buildup or corrosion can prevent a proper seal between threaded connections. | Sometimes | Easy–Medium | Threaded coupling |
| Over-tightened connection Excessive force can distort fittings or break seals, causing leaks. | Sometimes | Easy | New coupling |
| Faulty P-trap installation Improperly installed or damaged P-trap can leak at the connection points. | Sometimes | Medium | P-trap |
| High water pressure Excessive pressure can stress connections and cause leaks. | Rare | Hard | Pressure regulator |
| Cracked or split pipe Physical damage or freezing can cause cracks in the pipe itself. | Rare | Hard | Pipe section |
Parts matching
Choose the right part based on the connection type and damage observed.
- Measure the pipe diameter and thread size to ensure compatibility.
- Select a coupling or washer that matches the material (e.g., brass, plastic).
- Use a threaded coupling for metal pipes and a slip coupling for plastic.
- Check for a manufacturer's part number on the existing component if possible.
- Purchase a P-trap kit if the issue involves the drain connection.
Take the old part to the hardware store for an exact match if unsure about measurements.
When to call a professional
- The leak continues after replacing all visible parts and tightening connections.
- You notice significant corrosion or damage to the pipe itself.
- You're unable to shut off the water supply effectively.
- The connection involves gas lines or electrical components.
- The repair requires cutting or soldering pipes beyond basic skills.
FAQ
Can I use regular tape instead of plumber's tape?
No, plumber's tape (Teflon tape) is specifically designed for sealing pipe threads. Regular tape will not hold or seal properly.
How do I know if the coupling is the right size?
Measure the outside diameter of the pipe and compare it to the coupling's specifications. Most hardware stores have size charts available.
What if the leak starts after I tighten the connection?
Over-tightening can damage the threads or seal. Loosen the connection slightly and reapply plumber's tape before tightening gently.
Can I fix a leaking P-trap without replacing it?
Yes, if the P-trap is intact, you can try replacing the washers or tightening the connections. If it's cracked, replacement is necessary.
Why does the leak return after a few days?
The repair may not have been secure, or the underlying issue (like high water pressure) might still be stressing the connection.