How to Fix a Refrigerator That Is Not Cooling

Quick answer

First, ensure the fridge is plugged in and the temperature settings are correct. Check the condenser coils for dust, clean them if needed, and verify the evaporator fan is running. If cooling still doesn't return, test the defrost timer or call a professional.

Confirm the symptom

• Fridge compartment is warm or not cold enough
• Freezer is cold but fridge is not
• Food in fridge is spoiling faster than usual
• No unusual noises or error lights
• Refrigerator is running but not cooling

Tools and prep

• Screwdriver (flathead and Phillips)
• Soft brush or vacuum with brush attachment
• Multimeter (for testing electrical components)
• Thermometer (to check internal temperature)
• Work gloves
• Turn off refrigerator power before starting work
• Empty and clean the interior if needed

Step-by-step troubleshooting

1. Check Power and Settings
   Do: Ensure the refrigerator is plugged in and the temperature settings are correct.
   Observe: Power indicator (if present) is on, and settings are within normal range.
   Means: The fridge is receiving power and settings are not the issue.
   Next: Check condenser coils
2. Check Condenser Coils
   Do: Locate and inspect the condenser coils (usually at the back or bottom) for dust or debris.
   Observe: Coils are clean or dirty.
   Means: Dirty coils can restrict airflow and reduce cooling efficiency.
   Next: Clean the coils if dirty
3. Clean the Coils
   Do: Use a soft brush or vacuum to remove dust from the coils.
   Observe: Coils are visibly cleaner.
   Means: Improved airflow may restore cooling.
   Next: Wait 24 hours to see if cooling returns
4. Check Evaporator Fan
   Do: Open the freezer and listen for the evaporator fan running.
   Observe: Fan is running or not.
   Means: A non-functioning fan can prevent cold air from circulating.
   Next: Test the fan motor with a multimeter
5. Test Defrost Timer
   Do: Unplug the fridge, locate the defrost timer, and manually rotate it to see if it clicks.
   Observe: Timer clicks or does not.
   Means: A faulty timer can prevent the defrost cycle, causing ice buildup.
   Next: Replace the defrost timer if faulty
6. Check Thermostat
   Do: Test the thermostat with a multimeter to ensure it's sending power to the compressor.
   Observe: Thermostat shows continuity or not.
   Means: A faulty thermostat can prevent the compressor from running.
   Next: Replace the thermostat if needed
7. Inspect Compressor
   Do: Listen for the compressor running; check if it's warm to the touch.
   Observe: Compressor is running and warm or not.
   Means: A non-running compressor indicates a serious issue.
   Next: Call a professional if the compressor is not working

Common causes

Parts matching

Common parts needed for refrigerator cooling issues:

• Evaporator fan motor
• Defrost timer
• Thermostat
• Condenser fan motor
• Compressor
• Door seal (if air is leaking)
• Refrigerant (if there's a leak)

Purchase OEM parts for compatibility and reliability.

When to call a professional

• The refrigerator still doesn't cool after cleaning coils and replacing common parts
• You hear unusual noises like knocking or hissing
• The compressor is not running or feels cold to the touch
• There is a refrigerant leak smell or visible oil stains
• The fridge is under warranty and you don't want to risk voiding it
• You are unsure about testing electrical components safely

FAQ

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